Scientific Name
Epinephelus timorensis

Common Name
Yellowspotted grouper

Biology
Dorsal spines (total): 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 16-17; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 8. Preopercle angle with 2 - 4 distinctly enlarged serrae; upper edge of the operculum straight or nearly so; nostrils small, subequal; maxilla extends to below rear half of the eye. Color is pale brownish gray with yellow or golden brown spots on the head, nape and chest. A row of dark yellowish brown spots along the margin of the soft dorsal and anal fins and the rear edge of the caudal fin. Pelvic fins with yellowish brown and whitish streaks and a few yellowish brown spots distally.

Classification

Classified By

Randall & Allen, 1987

Class

Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)

Order

Perch-like fish (Perciformes)

Family

Sea basses: groupers and fairy basslets (Serranidae)

Distribution

Region

Eastern Indian Ocean

Distribution

Eastern Indian Ocean: Western Australia. Eastern Central Pacific: American Samoa and the Phoenix Islands.

Range

1°N - 23°S, 115°E - 177°W

Environment

Climate

Tropical

Water Temperature From

Unknown °C

Water Temperature To

Unknown °C

Depth From - meters

73 m

Depth To - meters

210 m

Zone

demersal

Environment

Marine; demersal; depth range 73 - 210 m (Ref. 5222)

Trophic Level

3.69 s.e. 0.59 Based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Occurs in Marine / Salt water

True

Occurs in Brackish water

False

Occurs in Fresh Water

False

Occurs on Reefs

False

Is kept in Aquariums

False

Physical Size and Genetics

Maximum Length

26.5 cm

Common Length

Unknown cm

Phylogenetic Diversity Index

PD50 = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Human Uses and Population

Human Uses

Fisheries: of no interest

Vulnerability

Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100)

Resilience

Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.)

Threat To Humans

Harmless

IUCN Red List Status

Data deficient (DD)