Threespot flounder (Grammatobothus polyophthalmus) fish species and information / pictures of Threespot flounder - Grammatobothus polyophthalmus

Threespot flounder (Grammatobothus polyophthalmus) fish species information

Scientific Name
Grammatobothus polyophthalmus

Common Name
Threespot flounder

Biology
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 77-86; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 61 - 71. Eyed side pale brownish, with 3 large, prominent dark ocelli, 1 each above and below pectoral fin, 1 on middle of straight section of lateral line. Head and body with many small, distinct, dark spots and obscure markings along dorsal and ventral body margins. Males with 2 distinct dark markings above upper eye. Dorsal, anal, and pelvic fins on eyed side with indistinct dusky spots and markings. Caudal fin with a pair of marks behind fin base. Pectoral fin on eyed side with broad pale cross bars. Blind side pale. Body deeply ovoid, its depth 1.5 to 1.8 times in SL. Head moderately large, snout shorter than eye, profile deeply notched ahead of interorbital area. Head length3.5 to 4 times in SL. Interorbital region concave, narrow in both sexes. Both eyes on left side of head, front margin of upper eye slightly behind front margin of lower eye. Mouth mo

Classification

Classified By
Bleeker, 1865
Class
Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)
Order
Flatfishes (Pleuronectiformes)
Family
Lefteye flounders (Bothidae)

Distribution

Region
Indo-West Pacific
Distribution
Indo-West Pacific: India and off Sri Lanka eastward to the Philippines and the northeastern coast of Australia. Range extends to Okinawa Island, Japan. Also known from the Persian Gulf (Ref. 5999).
Range
Unknown

Environment

Climate
Tropical
Water Temperature From
Unknown °C
Water Temperature To
Unknown °C
Depth From - meters
0 m
Depth To - meters
90 m
Zone
demersal
Environment
Marine; demersal; depth range 0 - 90 m (Ref. 9824)
Trophic Level
3.63 s.e. 0.60 Based on diet studies.
Occurs in Marine / Salt water
True
Occurs in Brackish water
False
Occurs in Fresh Water
False
Occurs on Reefs
False
Is kept in Aquariums
False

Physical Size and Genetics

Maximum Length
21.0 cm
Common Length
17.0 cm
Phylogenetic Diversity Index
PD50 = 0.6250 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Human Uses and Population

Human Uses
Fisheries: commercial
Vulnerability
Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100)
Resilience
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.)
Threat To Humans
  Harmless
IUCN Red List Status
  Not Evaluated