Three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus aculeatus) fish species and information / pictures of Three-spined stickleback - Gasterosteus aculeatus aculeatus

Three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus aculeatus) fish species information

Scientific Name
Gasterosteus aculeatus aculeatus

Common Name
Three-spined stickleback

Biology
Adults occur in fresh waters, estuaries and coastal seas (Ref. 4119). Anadromous, with numerous non-anadromous populations in brackish or pure freshwater, rarely in marine waters. In the sea, confined to coastal waters. In freshwater, adults prefer to live in small stream but may occur in a variety of habitats including lakes and large rivers (Ref. 59043). Inhabit shallow vegetated areas, usually over mud or sand (Ref. 5723). Form schools. Young associated with drifting seaweed (Ref. 12114, 12115). Juveniles move to the sea (anadromous populations) or to deeper, larger water bodies (freshwater populations) in July-August, forming large feeding schools (Ref. 59043). Feed on worms, crustaceans, larvae and adult aquatic insects, drowned aerial insects, and small fishes; has also been reported to feed on their own fry and eggs (Ref. 1998). Eggs are found in

Classification

Classified By
Linnaeus, 1758
Class
Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)
Order
Sticklebacks and Seamoths (Gasterosteiformes)
Family
Sticklebacks and tubesnouts (Gasterosteidae)

Distribution

Region
Circumpolar in Arctic and temperate regions, extending south to the Black Sea, southern Italy, Iberian Peninsula, North Africa; in Eastern Asia north of Japan (35?N), in North America north of 30-32?N; Greenland.
Distribution
Circumpolar in Arctic and temperate regions, extending south to the Black Sea, southern Italy, Iberian Peninsula, North Africa; in Eastern Asia north of Japan (35?N), in North America north of 30-32?N; Greenland.
Range
71°N - 26°N, 117°E - 60°E

Environment

Climate
Temperate
Water Temperature From
4 °C
Water Temperature To
20 °C
Depth From - meters
0 m
Depth To - meters
100 m
Zone
benthopelagic
Environment
Marine; freshwater; brackish; benthopelagic; anadromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 0 - 100 m (Ref. 50550)
Trophic Level
3.51 s.e. 0.49 Based on diet studies.
Occurs in Marine / Salt water
True
Occurs in Brackish water
True
Occurs in Fresh Water
True
Occurs on Reefs
False
Is kept in Aquariums
False

Physical Size and Genetics

Maximum Length
11.0 cm
Common Length
5.1 cm
Phylogenetic Diversity Index
PD50 = 0.5156 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Human Uses and Population

Human Uses
Fisheries: minor commercial
Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100)
Resilience
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.6-1.8; tm=1; tmax=4; Fec=80)
Threat To Humans
  Harmless
IUCN Red List Status