Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) fish species and information / pictures of Greenland halibut - Reinhardtius hippoglossoides

Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) fish species information

Scientific Name
Reinhardtius hippoglossoides

Common Name
Greenland halibut

Biology
Often caught pelagically (Ref. 4705). Adults prefer bottom temperatures of -0.5?C to 6.0?C (Ref. 5951). Epibenthic (Ref. 58426). Feed on crustaceans, fishes (Ref. 4705, 6885), eelpouts, capelin, redfishes, deep sea prawns and other bottom invertebrates (Ref. 35388). Batch spawner (Ref. 51846). Utilized dried or salted and frozen; can be steamed and fried (Ref. 9988). Size of the Greenland halibut collected from 400-599 m deep in eastern Bering Sea, ranged from 9 to 99 cm FL with a mean of 56 cm (Ref. 55110).

Classification

Classified By

Walbaum, 1792

Class

Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)

Order

Flatfishes (Pleuronectiformes)

Family

Righteye flounders (Pleuronectidae)

Distribution

Region

Circumglobal

Distribution

Circumglobal: In arctic and temperate waters; northern hemisphere. Sea of Japan off Honshu north to Shishmaref, Alaska in the Chukchi Sea, throughout the Aleutian Islands, and southeast to northern Baja California, Mexico. North Atlantic: New Jersey, USA to Spitsbergen (Svalbard Islands) and the Barents Sea south to Ireland. Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951).

Range

79°N - 33°N, 180°W - 180°E

Environment

Climate

Boreal

Water Temperature From

Unknown °C

Water Temperature To

- 4 °C

Depth From - meters

1 m

Depth To - meters

2000 m

Zone

benthopelagic

Environment

Marine; benthopelagic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 1 - 2000 m (Ref. 6793), usually 500 - 1000 m (Ref. 6263)

Trophic Level

4.48 s.e. 0.79 Based on diet studies.

Occurs in Marine / Salt water

True

Occurs in Brackish water

False

Occurs in Fresh Water

False

Occurs on Reefs

False

Is kept in Aquariums

False

Physical Size and Genetics

Maximum Length

80.0 cm

Common Length

56.0 cm

Phylogenetic Diversity Index

PD50 = 1.0000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Human Uses and Population

Human Uses

Fisheries: highly commercial

Vulnerability

High to very high vulnerability (73 of 100)

Resilience

Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.07-0.10; tm=7-12; tmax=30; Fec=6,800)

Threat To Humans

Harmless

IUCN Red List Status

Not Evaluated