HomeFreshwater aquarium fishTetras & characinsX-ray tetra X-ray tetra (Pristella maxillaris) Scientific name: Pristella maxillaris Ulrey, 1894 The X-ray tetra (Pristella maxillaris) is a freshwater fish of the family Characidae that grows to about 4.5 cm (1.8 in). It is easy to keep and peaceful, suits community aquariums and needs a tank of at least 55 L (15 US gal), water at 24–28°C (75–82°F) and a pH of 6.0–8.0. Native range: South America, Inland waters of Venezuela, Guyana, and Amazonia Brazil. X-ray tetra care at a glanceCare levelEasyTemperamentPeacefulCommunity tankExcellentAdult size4.5 cm (1.8 in)Minimum tank55 L (15 US gal)Temperature24–28°C (75–82°F)pH6.0–8.0Hardness4–35 dGH (71–625 ppm)DietOmnivore. Accepts flakes, freeze-dried foods and frozen foods. BiologyHumeral spot round and small, about the size of the pupil; the dorsal fin black spot is over lined with white and underlined with yellow, color patterns of pelvic and anal fins are symmetrical; adipose fin is hyaline.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific namePristella maxillarisFamilyCharacidae (Characins)OrderCharaciformes (Characins)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length4.5EnvironmentFreshwater;; pH range: 6.0 - 8.0; dH range: ? - 35 pelagicClimateTropicalDistributionSouth America: Amazon, Orinoco, and coastal river drainages of the Guianas.Conservation status (IUCN)Not EvaluatedThreat to humansHarmlessUsesAquaculture: commercial; aquarium: commercialResilienceHigh, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (tm More tetras & characinsNeon tetraParacheirodon innesiEmperor tetraNematobrycon palmeriBlackline penguinfishThayeria boehlkeiRedeye tetraMoenkhausia sanctaefilomenaeRiver hatchetfishGasteropelecus sterniclaDiamond tetraMoenkhausia pittieriSee all tetras & characins SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Aquarium care parameters compiled, checked and converted to metric and imperial units by Guppies.za.net.Last updated 28 September 2026