Summan grouper (Epinephelus summana)

Scientific name: Epinephelus summana Forssk?l, 1775

Summan grouper (Epinephelus summana)

The Summan grouper (Epinephelus summana) is a brackish-water fish of the family Serranidae. Native range: Eastern Indian Ocean, known only from the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.

Biology

Dorsal spines (total): 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14-16; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 8 - 9. Body robust. Serrae at the angle of the preopercle slightly enlarged; the upper edge of the operculum strongly convex. Posterior nostril of adults vertically elongate. Very similar to E. ongus which has longer pectoral fins, and a narrow white margin with broad blackish submarginal band on the median fins, which are absent or poorly developed in E. summana. Generally dark olive-brown to dark brownish gray with large pale blotches (most larger than the eye) and numerous small white spots overlying this pattern. Fins covered with small white spots, except for pectoral fins where the white spots are confined to the base.

Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.

Species facts

Scientific name
Epinephelus summana
Family
Serranidae (Sea basses: groupers and fairy basslets)
Order
Perciformes (Perch-like fish)
Class
Actinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)
Maximum length
52.0
Common length
40.0
Depth range
1–20 m (3–66 ft)
Environment
Marine; brackish; reef-associated; depth range 1 - 20 m
Climate
Tropical
Distribution
Eastern Indian Ocean: known only from the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.
Conservation status (IUCN)
Data deficient (DD)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Uses
Fisheries: minor commercial
Resilience
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.)

Sources

Taxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.

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