HomeFish encyclopediaRay-finned fishesTrout-perches, Pirate perches and CavefishCavefishesSpring cavefish Spring cavefish (Forbesichthys agassizii) Scientific name: Forbesichthys agassizii Putnam, 1872 The Spring cavefish (Forbesichthys agassizii) is a freshwater fish of the family Amblyopsidae. Native range: North America, portions of Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois and Missouri, U.S.A. BiologyDorsal soft rays (total): 9-11; Anal soft rays: 9 - 11; Vertebrae: 33 - 35. Scales minute and embedded. Pelvic fins absent. Branched caudal fin rays 11-17; branchiostegal rays 6. Triads of sensory papillae occur midlaterally and scattered clusters of neuromasts are present on the head. Coloration uniform dark gray to back with paler venter.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific nameForbesichthys agassiziiFamilyAmblyopsidae (Cavefishes)OrderPercopsiformes (Trout-perches, Pirate perches and Cavefish)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length9.0Common length5.3EnvironmentFreshwater; demersalClimateTemperateDistributionNorth America: portions of Tennessee, Kentucky, Illinois and Missouri, U.S.A.Conservation status (IUCN)Not EvaluatedThreat to humansHarmlessResilienceHigh, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.67; tm=1; tmax=3; Fec = 100) SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026