HomeFish encyclopediaRay-finned fishesPerch-like fishSunfishesSpotted sunfish Spotted sunfish (Lepomis punctatus) Scientific name: Lepomis punctatus Valenciennes, 1831 The Spotted sunfish (Lepomis punctatus) is a freshwater fish of the family Centrarchidae. BiologyInhabits heavily vegetated ponds, lakes, pools of creeks and small to medium rivers, and swamps. Usually occurs over mud or sand. Oviparous. Feeds on midge larvae, other immature insects, and microcrustaceans such as amphipods and cladocerans.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific nameLepomis punctatusFamilyCentrarchidae (Sunfishes)OrderPerciformes (Perch-like fish)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length20.0Common length9.8EnvironmentFreshwater; demersalClimateSubtropicalDistributionNorth America: Atlantic and Gulf Slope drainages from Cape Fear River in North Carolina to Nueces River in Texas, north in Mississippi River basin to central Illinois in the USA.Conservation status (IUCN)Not EvaluatedThreat to humansHarmlessResilienceMedium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.) SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026