HomeFish encyclopediaRay-finned fishesPerch-like fishTilefishesSand tilefish Sand tilefish (Malacanthus plumieri) Scientific name: Malacanthus plumieri Bloch, 1786 The Sand tilefish (Malacanthus plumieri) is a marine fish of the family Malacanthidae. Native range: Western Atlantic, North Carolina (USA), Gulf of Mexico, and throughout the Caribbean to Rio de la Plata, Uruguay. Southeast Atlantic: Ascension Island. BiologyDorsal spines (total): 4 - 5; Dorsal soft rays (total): 53-57; Anal spines: 1; Anal soft rays: 50 - 52. Caudal fin lunate.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific nameMalacanthus plumieriFamilyMalacanthidae (Tilefishes)OrderPerciformes (Perch-like fish)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length70.0Common length50.0Depth range10–153 m (33–502 ft)EnvironmentMarine; reef-associated; depth range 10 - 153 m, usually 10 - 50 mClimateSubtropicalDistributionWestern Atlantic: North Carolina (USA), Gulf of Mexico, and throughout the Caribbean to Rio de la Plata, Uruguay. Southeast Atlantic: Ascension Island.Conservation status (IUCN)Not EvaluatedThreat to humansTraumatogenicUsesFisheries: minor commercialResilienceLow, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.) SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026