HomeFreshwater aquarium fishTetras & characinsSan Francisco piranha San Francisco piranha (Pygocentrus piraya) Scientific name: Pygocentrus piraya Cuvier, 1819 The San Francisco piranha (Pygocentrus piraya) is a freshwater fish of the family Characidae. Native range: South America, Sao Francisco River basin in Brazil. BiologyDangerous, import prohibited in some countries. Largest of the piranhas.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific namePygocentrus pirayaFamilyCharacidae (Characins)OrderCharaciformes (Characins)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length34.0EnvironmentFreshwater; pelagicClimateTropicalDistributionSouth America: Sao Francisco River basin in Brazil.Conservation status (IUCN)Not EvaluatedThreat to humansTraumatogenicUsesFisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: public aquariumsResilienceHigh, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.) More tetras & characinsCardinal tetraParacheirodon axelrodiBanded astyanaxAstyanax fasciatusPayaraHydrolycus scomberoidesHyphessobrycon columbianusBanded leporinusLeporinus fasciatusNeolebias ansorgiiSee all tetras & characins SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026