HomeFreshwater aquarium fishRainbowfish & killifishRed River pupfish Red River pupfish (Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis) Scientific name: Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis Fowler, 1916 The Red River pupfish (Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis) is a freshwater fish of the family Cyprinodontidae. In the aquarium it needs water at 10–30°C (50–86°F). Native range: North America, found only in upper Red and Brazos River drainages in Oklahoma and Texas, USA. Red River pupfish care at a glanceTemperature10–30°C (50–86°F) BiologyInhabits shallow, sandy pools and runs of headwaters, creeks, and small to medium rivers. Often found in extremely shallow and hot (to 37?C) water. Consumes midge and other insect larvae. Not a seasonal killifish. Is difficult to maintain in aquarium.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific nameCyprinodon rubrofluviatilisFamilyCyprinodontidae (Pupfishes)OrderCyprinodontiformes (Live bearers, Killifishes and Rivulines)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length6.0Common length3.3EnvironmentFreshwater; benthopelagic; non-migratoryClimateTemperateDistributionNorth America: found only in upper Red and Brazos River drainages in Oklahoma and Texas, USA.Conservation status (IUCN)Not EvaluatedThreat to humansHarmlessUsesAquarium: commercialResilienceHigh, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Assuming tm More rainbowfish & killifishFlagfishJordanella floridaeBluefin killifishLucania goodeiKamaka rainbowfishMelanotaenia kamakaYellowbelly gudgeonAllomogurnda nesolepisStriped panchaxAplocheilus lineatusRedtail nothoNothobranchius guentheriSee all rainbowfish & killifish SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026