HomeFish encyclopediaRay-finned fishesFlatfishesSolesMud sole Mud sole (Austroglossus pectoralis) Scientific name: Austroglossus pectoralis Kaup, 1858 The Mud sole (Austroglossus pectoralis) is a marine fish of the family Soleidae. Native range: Southeast Atlantic, known only from the Cape to Natal in South Africa. BiologyDorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 90-110; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 80 - 95; Vertebrae: 58. Brownish, small dark spot at base of each scale; right pectoral fin blackish.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific nameAustroglossus pectoralisFamilySoleidae (Soles)OrderPleuronectiformes (Flatfishes)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length60.0Common length40.0Depth range10–400 m (33–1312 ft)EnvironmentMarine; demersal; depth range 10 - 400 m, usually 10 - 120 mClimateSubtropicalDistributionSoutheast Atlantic: known only from the Cape to Natal in South Africa.Conservation status (IUCN)Not EvaluatedThreat to humansHarmlessUsesFisheries: minor commercialResilienceHigh, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.34-0.38) SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026