HomeFreshwater aquarium fishGuppies & livebearersLeast killifish Least killifish (Heterandria formosa) Scientific name: Heterandria formosa Girard, 1859 The Least killifish (Heterandria formosa) is a freshwater fish of the family Poeciliidae. In the aquarium it needs water at 20–26°C (68–79°F). Native range: North America, occurs only in the USA from Cape Fear River drainage in North Carolina to southern Louisiana. Least killifish care at a glanceTemperature20–26°C (68–79°F) BiologyInhabits heavily vegetated standing to slow-flowing fresh and brackish water. Feeds on worms, crustaceans and plant matter. A truly viviparous fish.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific nameHeterandria formosaFamilyPoeciliidae (Poeciliids)OrderCyprinodontiformes (Live bearers, Killifishes and Rivulines)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length3.6Common length2.1EnvironmentFreshwater; brackish;; pH range: 7.0 - 8.0; dH range: 9 - 19 benthopelagic; non-migratoryClimateTropicalDistributionNorth America: occurs only in the USA from Cape Fear River drainage in North Carolina to southern Louisiana.Conservation status (IUCN)Not EvaluatedThreat to humansHarmlessUsesAquarium: commercialResilienceHigh, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (tm = 0.13; tmax = 0.33; Batch Fec = 1-7;) More guppies & livebearersSailfin mollyPoecilia latipinnaGuppyPoecilia reticulataGreen swordtailXiphophorus helleriiSouthern platyfishXiphophorus maculatusMosquitofishGambusia affinisMollyPoecilia sphenopsSee all guppies & livebearers SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026