HomeFish encyclopediaRay-finned fishesPerch-like fishPerchesLeast darter Least darter (Etheostoma microperca) Scientific name: Etheostoma microperca Jordan & Gilbert, 1888 The Least darter (Etheostoma microperca) is a freshwater fish of the family Percidae. In the aquarium it needs water at 10–22°C (50–72°F). Least darter care at a glanceTemperature10–22°C (50–72°F) BiologyOccur in quiet, vegetated lakes, headwaters, creeks and small rivers; also found in streams and springs to ponds. Usually found over mud and sand. Adults feed on midge larvae, isopods, and microcrustaceans, particularly copepods. Eggs are found attached to the substrate unguarded.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific nameEtheostoma micropercaFamilyPercidae (Perches)OrderPerciformes (Perch-like fish)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length4.4Common length3.1EnvironmentFreshwater;; pH range: 7.0 - 7.8; dH range: ? - 15 benthopelagicClimateTemperateDistributionNorth America: Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins from eastern Ontario in Canada and from Minnesota south to southern Ohio, central Indiana and central Illinois in the USA; Ozarks-Ouachita drainages of southern Missouri, southeastern Kansas, northwestern Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma in the USA.Conservation status (IUCN)Not EvaluatedThreat to humansHarmlessResilienceHigh, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (tm=1; tmax=2; Fec=31-240) SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026