HomeFish encyclopediaRay-finned fishesPerch-like fishButterflyfishesHorseshoe butterflyfish Horseshoe butterflyfish (Chaetodon pictus) Scientific name: Chaetodon pictus Forssk?l, 1775 The Horseshoe butterflyfish (Chaetodon pictus) is a marine fish of the family Chaetodontidae. Native range: Western Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Oman and Gulf of Aden. BiologyThis species is similar to Chaetodon vagabundus except for the following: that the black band running up the rear of the body merges with the black dorsal fin margin and eye band, thus forming a horseshoe mark; the black tail fin bands are replaced by reddish brown bands; and the soft dorsal and anal fins of adults are more pointed.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific nameChaetodon pictusFamilyChaetodontidae (Butterflyfishes)OrderPerciformes (Perch-like fish)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)EnvironmentMarine; reef-associatedClimateTropicalDistributionWestern Indian Ocean: Red Sea, Oman and Gulf of Aden.Conservation status (IUCN)Least Concern (LC)Threat to humansHarmless SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026