HomeFish encyclopediaRay-finned fishesPerch-like fishPerchesHarlequin darter Harlequin darter (Etheostoma histrio) Scientific name: Etheostoma histrio Jordan & Gilbert, 1887 The Harlequin darter (Etheostoma histrio) is a freshwater fish of the family Percidae. BiologyInhabits sand and gravel runs of small to medium rivers, usually near debris. Feeds on midge, blackfly, and caddisfly larvae, and mayfly nymphs.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific nameEtheostoma histrioFamilyPercidae (Perches)OrderPerciformes (Perch-like fish)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length7.7Common length5.4EnvironmentFreshwater; benthopelagicClimateTemperateDistributionNorth America: Former Mississippi Embayment and Gulf Slope drainages from Kentucky and Missouri to Louisiana, and from Escambia River in Alabama and Florida to Neches River in Texas in the USA. In Red and Arkansas drainages west to Oklahoma and Texas; in Wabash River drainage and Green River system in USA.Conservation status (IUCN)Not EvaluatedThreat to humansHarmlessResilienceHigh, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.) SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026