HomeFish encyclopediaRay-finned fishesCatfishSea catfishesHardhead sea catfish Hardhead sea catfish (Ariopsis felis) Scientific name: Ariopsis felis Linnaeus, 1766 The Hardhead sea catfish (Ariopsis felis) is a brackish-water fish of the family Ariidae. Native range: Western Atlantic, Massachusetts and northern Gulf of Mexico to southern Florida in USA and Mexico. BiologyAdults inhabit continental waters and enters estuaries. Found in turbid waters over muddy bottoms. Males incubate eggs in the mouth. Commonly captured from catwalks, bridges and piers, particularly in passes and inland waterways. Edible, but generally not consumed.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific nameAriopsis felisFamilyAriidae (Sea catfishes)OrderSiluriformes (Catfish)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length70.0Common length25.0EnvironmentMarine; brackish; reef-associatedClimateSubtropicalDistributionWestern Atlantic: Massachusetts and northern Gulf of Mexico to southern Florida in USA and Mexico.Conservation status (IUCN)Not EvaluatedThreat to humansTraumatogenicUsesFisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yesResilienceLow, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Fec=55) SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026