HomeFish encyclopediaRay-finned fishesPuffers and FilefishesFilefishesGulf filefish Gulf filefish (Paramonacanthus arabicus) Scientific name: Paramonacanthus arabicus Hutchins, 1997 The Gulf filefish (Paramonacanthus arabicus) is a marine fish of the family Monacanthidae. Native range: Western Indian Ocean, known only from the Persian Gulf. BiologyDorsal spines (total): 2; Dorsal soft rays (total): 26-30; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 27 - 30; Vertebrae: 19. Scales on midside of body each with single relatively large, prominently branched spinule (except in some slender males); dorsal profile of snout convex to slightly concave, without prominent hump just anterior to eye; second uppermost caudal fin ray of male elongate and filamentous; dark blotch on side of body below anterior half of soft dorsal fin usually bisected by narrow longitudinal pale line.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific nameParamonacanthus arabicusFamilyMonacanthidae (Filefishes)OrderTetraodontiformes (Puffers and Filefishes)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length6.7Depth range1–35 m (3–115 ft)EnvironmentMarine; demersal; depth range 1 - 35 mClimateTropicalDistributionWestern Indian Ocean: known only from the Persian Gulf.Conservation status (IUCN)Not EvaluatedThreat to humansHarmlessResilienceHigh, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.) SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026