HomeFish encyclopediaRay-finned fishesPerch-like fishCollared wrigglersFlathead wriggler Flathead wriggler (Xenisthmus africanus) Scientific name: Xenisthmus africanus Smith, 1958 The Flathead wriggler (Xenisthmus africanus) is a marine fish of the family Xenisthmidae. Native range: Indian Ocean, East Africa and islands in the western Indian Ocean. BiologyDorsal spines (total): 7; Dorsal soft rays (total): 12; Anal spines: 1; Anal soft rays: 11. Dark stripe from snout through eye to pectoral base and lower caudal base; 6-8 dark vertical bars extending from lateral stripe to 2nd dorsal fin base.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific nameXenisthmus africanusFamilyXenisthmidae (Collared wrigglers)OrderPerciformes (Perch-like fish)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length3.8EnvironmentMarine; reef-associatedClimateTropicalDistributionIndian Ocean: East Africa and islands in the western Indian Ocean.Conservation status (IUCN)Not EvaluatedThreat to humansHarmless SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026