HomeFish encyclopediaRay-finned fishesPerch-like fishSmelt-whitingsFlathead sillago Flathead sillago (Sillaginopsis panijus) Scientific name: Sillaginopsis panijus Hamilton, 1822 The Flathead sillago (Sillaginopsis panijus) is a freshwater fish of the family Sillaginidae. In the aquarium it needs water at 22–28°C (72–82°F). Native range: Western Indian Ocean, Pondicherry northward along the Coromandel coast, Ganges delta, Myanmar, southward to Malaysia and rarely to the Indonesian Archipelago. Flathead sillago care at a glanceTemperature22–28°C (72–82°F) BiologyFound in shallow, open muddy bays and estuaries. Feed on fish, crustaceans and algae. Spawn twice a year during the months of November to February and August to September and the juveniles migrate toward the upper reaches during March and April and during December where they remain for 2 to 3 months. Sexually mature upon reaching a length of 12 cm. Oviparous.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific nameSillaginopsis panijusFamilySillaginidae (Smelt-whitings)OrderPerciformes (Perch-like fish)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length44.0Common length25.0EnvironmentMarine; freshwater; brackish; demersal; amphidromousClimateTropicalDistributionWestern Indian Ocean: Pondicherry northward along the Coromandel coast, Ganges delta, Myanmar, southward to Malaysia and rarely to the Indonesian Archipelago.Conservation status (IUCN)Not EvaluatedThreat to humansHarmlessUsesFisheries: commercialResilienceMedium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.) SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026