HomeFish encyclopediaRay-finned fishesPerch-like fishSea basses: groupers and fairy bassletsDogtooth grouper Dogtooth grouper (Epinephelus caninus) Scientific name: Epinephelus caninus Valenciennes, 1843 The Dogtooth grouper (Epinephelus caninus) is a marine fish of the family Serranidae. Native range: Eastern Atlantic, Portugal to Angola, including the Mediterranean. BiologyDorsal spines (total): 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13-14; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 8Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific nameEpinephelus caninusFamilySerranidae (Sea basses: groupers and fairy basslets)OrderPerciformes (Perch-like fish)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length157Depth range30–400 m (98–1312 ft)EnvironmentMarine; demersal; depth range 30 - 400 mClimateSubtropicalDistributionEastern Atlantic: Portugal to Angola, including the Mediterranean.Conservation status (IUCN)Data deficient (DD)Threat to humansHarmlessUsesFisheries: commercialResilienceVery Low, minimum population doubling time more than 14 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.) SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026