HomeFish encyclopediaRay-finned fishesPerch-like fishSnakeheadsBlack snakehead Black snakehead (Channa melasoma) Scientific name: Channa melasoma Bleeker, 1851 The Black snakehead (Channa melasoma) is a freshwater fish of the family Channidae. Native range: Asia, Mekong in Thailand to Indonesia and the Philippines. BiologyDorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 37-41; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 21 - 25. Preserved color dark greenish or bluish dorsally, yellowish or reddish brown ventrally; an inconspicuous spot behind corner of mouth; yellow spots on underside of depressed head occasionally. Pectorals about as long as head behind eyes. Large scales on top of head. Dorsal fin extends beyond tip of anal. Young specimens have a red lateral band from snout to caudal.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific nameChanna melasomaFamilyChannidae (Snakeheads)OrderPerciformes (Perch-like fish)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length30.0EnvironmentFreshwater; benthopelagicClimateTropicalDistributionAsia: Mekong in Thailand to Indonesia and the Philippines.Conservation status (IUCN)Not EvaluatedThreat to humansHarmlessUsesFisheries: commercialResilienceHigh, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.) SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026