HomeFish encyclopediaRay-finned fishesLive bearers, Killifishes and RivulinesPupfishesBighead pupfish Bighead pupfish (Cyprinodon pachycephalus) Scientific name: Cyprinodon pachycephalus Minckley & Minckley, 1986 The Bighead pupfish (Cyprinodon pachycephalus) is a freshwater fish of the family Cyprinodontidae. In the aquarium it needs water at 24–28°C (75–82°F). Native range: Central America, R?o Conchos, Mexico. Bighead pupfish care at a glanceTemperature24–28°C (75–82°F) BiologyNot a seasonal killifish. Is very difficult to maintain in aquarium.Source: FishBase, licensed CC BY-NC 4.0. Species factsScientific nameCyprinodon pachycephalusFamilyCyprinodontidae (Pupfishes)OrderCyprinodontiformes (Live bearers, Killifishes and Rivulines)ClassActinopterygii (Ray-finned fishes)Maximum length5.0EnvironmentFreshwater; benthopelagic; non-migratoryClimateTropicalDistributionCentral America: R?o Conchos, Mexico.Conservation status (IUCN)Critically Endangered (CR) (A1abc+2bc, B1+2c, C2b)Threat to humansHarmlessUsesAquarium: commercialResilienceMedium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.) SourcesTaxonomy, distribution and biology data: FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly, eds.), licensed CC BY-NC 4.0.Last updated 27 September 2026