Scientific Name
Symphurus nigrescens

Common Name
Tonguesole

Biology
Occurs on mud or sand bottoms of the continental slope and shelf (Ref. 2683).

Classification

Classified By

Rafinesque, 1810

Class

Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)

Order

Flatfishes (Pleuronectiformes)

Family

Tonguefishes (Cynoglossidae)

Distribution

Region

Eastern Atlantic

Distribution

Eastern Atlantic: Angola, St. Helena and Ascension islands northwards to Portugal (including Azores) and Mediterranean.

Range

45°N - 17°S, 32°W - 36°E

Environment

Climate

Subtropical

Water Temperature From

Unknown °C

Water Temperature To

Unknown °C

Depth From - meters

20 m

Depth To - meters

1140 m

Zone

demersal

Environment

Marine; demersal; depth range 20 - 1140 m (Ref. 2683)

Trophic Level

3.29 s.e. 0.43 Based on diet studies.

Occurs in Marine / Salt water

True

Occurs in Brackish water

False

Occurs in Fresh Water

False

Occurs on Reefs

False

Is kept in Aquariums

False

Physical Size and Genetics

Maximum Length

12.0 cm

Common Length

Unknown cm

Phylogenetic Diversity Index

PD50 = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Human Uses and Population

Human Uses

Fisheries: commercial

Vulnerability

Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100)

Resilience

High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.)

Threat To Humans

Harmless

IUCN Red List Status

Not Evaluated