Tonga grouper (Epinephelus chlorocephalus) fish species and information / pictures of Tonga grouper - Epinephelus chlorocephalus

Tonga grouper (Epinephelus chlorocephalus) fish species information

Scientific Name
Epinephelus chlorocephalus

Common Name
Tonga grouper

Biology
Dorsal spines (total): 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 17; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 8

Classification

Classified By
Valenciennes, 1830
Class
Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)
Order
Perch-like fish (Perciformes)
Family
Sea basses: groupers and fairy basslets (Serranidae)

Distribution

Region
Eastern Central Pacific
Distribution
Eastern Central Pacific: known only from Tonga.
Range
20°S - 23°S, 177°W - 174°W

Environment

Climate
Tropical
Water Temperature From
Unknown °C
Water Temperature To
Unknown °C
Depth From - meters
Unknown m
Depth To - meters
Unknown m
Zone
demersal
Environment
Marine; demersal
Trophic Level
3.58 s.e. 0.57 Based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Occurs in Marine / Salt water
True
Occurs in Brackish water
False
Occurs in Fresh Water
False
Occurs on Reefs
False
Is kept in Aquariums
False

Physical Size and Genetics

Maximum Length
17.1 cm
Common Length
Unknown cm
Phylogenetic Diversity Index
PD50 = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Human Uses and Population

Human Uses
Fisheries: of no interest
Vulnerability
Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100)
Resilience
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.)
Threat To Humans
  Harmless
IUCN Red List Status
  Data deficient (DD)