Pacuma toadfish (Batrachoides surinamensis) fish species and information / pictures of Pacuma toadfish - Batrachoides surinamensis

Pacuma toadfish (Batrachoides surinamensis) fish species information

Scientific Name
Batrachoides surinamensis

Common Name
Pacuma toadfish

Biology
Mainly in brackish water (Ref. 5217). Found on sandy-muddy bottoms in shallow warm water. Not so active, lingers over the substrate disguised. Feeds on small gastropod mollusks, crustaceans like crabs (Calappidae, Portunidae, Xanthidae, etc.), shrimps (Penaeidae, Palaemonidae, Alphaeidae, etc.) and fishes. Females are mature at around 20 cm length, males at 25 cm. Spawns 400 to 500 eggs, with a size of 4 to 5 mm (Ref. 35237). Marketed fresh.

Classification

Classified By

Bloch & Schneider, 1801

Class

Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)

Order

Toadfishes (Batrachoidiformes)

Family

Toadfishes (Batrachoididae)

Distribution

Region

Western Central Atlantic

Distribution

Western Central Atlantic: Honduras to Salvador (Bahia) in Brazil.

Range

Unknown

Environment

Climate

Tropical

Water Temperature From

Unknown °C

Water Temperature To

Unknown °C

Depth From - meters

Unknown m

Depth To - meters

36 m

Zone

demersal

Environment

Marine; brackish; demersal; depth range ? - 36 m (Ref. 13608)

Trophic Level

3.66 s.e. 0.62 Based on food items.

Occurs in Marine / Salt water

True

Occurs in Brackish water

True

Occurs in Fresh Water

False

Occurs on Reefs

False

Is kept in Aquariums

True

Physical Size and Genetics

Maximum Length

57.0 cm

Common Length

35.0 cm

Phylogenetic Diversity Index

PD50 = 0.5020 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Human Uses and Population

Human Uses

Fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial

Vulnerability

High vulnerability (60 of 100)

Resilience

Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.)

Threat To Humans

Harmless

IUCN Red List Status

Least Concern (LC)