Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii pallasii) fish species and information / pictures of Pacific herring - Clupea pallasii pallasii

Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii pallasii) fish species information

Scientific Name
Clupea pallasii pallasii

Common Name
Pacific herring

Biology
Neritic species (Ref. 11230). A coastal and schooling species (Ref. 188). Landlocked populations exist. Mature adults migrate inshore, entering estuaries to breed. During the summer of their first year, young form schools in shallow bays, inlets and channels that appear at the surface; these schools disappear in the fall and remain in deep water for the next 2-3 years (Ref. 6885, 27547). Young feed mainly on crustaceans, but also take decapod and mollusk larvae; adults prey mainly on large crustaceans and small fishes (Ref. 6885, 27547). Because it does not undertake extensive coastal migrations, the mixing of local populations is relatively rare (Ref. 27547). In the eastern Pacific, the fish is mainly caught for roe markets in Asia (Ref. 9988). There is a fishery for eggs laid on kelp, which when salted, is called kazunoko-kombu, and is considered an de

Classification

Classified By
Valenciennes, 1847
Class
Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)
Order
Herrings (Clupeiformes)
Family
Herrings, shads and sardines (Clupeidae)

Distribution

Region
Arctic
Distribution
Arctic: White Sea eastward to Ob inlet. Western Pacific: Anadyr Bay, eastern coasts of Kamchatka, possibly the Aleutian Islands southward to Japan and west coast of Korea. Eastern Pacific: Kent Peninsula at 107?W and Beaufort Sea southward to northern Baja California, Mexico.
Range
77°N - 33°N, 34°E - 119°W

Environment

Climate
Temperate
Water Temperature From
Unknown °C
Water Temperature To
Unknown °C
Depth From - meters
0 m
Depth To - meters
475 m
Zone
pelagic-neritic
Environment
Marine; freshwater; brackish; pelagic-neritic; non-migratory; depth range 0 - 475 m (Ref. 58426)
Trophic Level
3.15 s.e. 0.36 Based on diet studies.
Occurs in Marine / Salt water
True
Occurs in Brackish water
True
Occurs in Fresh Water
True
Occurs on Reefs
False
Is kept in Aquariums
False

Physical Size and Genetics

Maximum Length
46.0 cm
Common Length
25.0 cm
Phylogenetic Diversity Index
PD50 = 0.5625 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Human Uses and Population

Human Uses
Fisheries: highly commercial; gamefish: yes; bait: usually
Vulnerability
Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100)
Resilience
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Musick et al. 2000 (Ref. 36717))
Threat To Humans
  Harmless
IUCN Red List Status
  Not Evaluated