Chocolate tonguefish (Symphurus callopterus) fish species and information / pictures of Chocolate tonguefish - Symphurus callopterus

Chocolate tonguefish (Symphurus callopterus) fish species information

Scientific Name
Symphurus callopterus

Common Name
Chocolate tonguefish

Biology
Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 105-114; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 91 - 98; Vertebrae: 57 - 61. Body flat, somewhat elongated, with an oval anterior border; both eyes on left side of head; dorsal fin with 105 to 114 rays, anal fin with 91 to 98 rays; caudal fin with 12 rays; body chocolate brown, usually with 9 to 11 indistinct transverse bars; lower half of operculum on the eyed side with a small stain; posterior side of dorsal and anal fins dark, rectangular stains (Ref. 55763).

Classification

Classified By
Munroe & Mahadeva, 1989
Class
Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)
Order
Flatfishes (Pleuronectiformes)
Family
Tonguefishes (Cynoglossidae)

Distribution

Region
Eastern Pacific
Distribution
Eastern Pacific: Mexico to Peru.
Range
25°N -

Environment

Climate
Tropical
Water Temperature From
Unknown °C
Water Temperature To
Unknown °C
Depth From - meters
18 m
Depth To - meters
317 m
Zone
demersal
Environment
Marine; demersal; depth range 18 - 317 m (Ref. 9294), usually 60 - 110 m (Ref. 9294)
Trophic Level
3.29 s.e. 0.39 Based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Occurs in Marine / Salt water
True
Occurs in Brackish water
False
Occurs in Fresh Water
False
Occurs on Reefs
False
Is kept in Aquariums
False

Physical Size and Genetics

Maximum Length
16.2 cm
Common Length
14.0 cm
Phylogenetic Diversity Index
PD50 = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Human Uses and Population

Human Uses
Fisheries: minor commercial
Vulnerability
Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100)
Resilience
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.)
Threat To Humans
  Harmless
IUCN Red List Status
  Least Concern (LC)