Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) fish species and information / pictures of Brook trout - Salvelinus fontinalis

Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) fish species information

Scientific Name
Salvelinus fontinalis

Common Name
Brook trout

Biology
Dorsal spines (total): 3 - 4; Dorsal soft rays (total): 8-14; Anal spines: 3 - 4; Anal soft rays: 8 - 14; Vertebrae: 58 - 62. Distinguished by the combination of dark green marbling on its back and dorsal fin and by the red spots with blue halos on its sides (Ref. 27547). Pelvic fins with axillary process; caudal nearly straight or with a shallow indentation (Ref. 27547). Color varies, but generally rather green to brownish on back, marked with paler vermiculations or marbling that extend onto the dorsal fin and sometimes the caudal; sides lighter than back, marked with numerous pale spots and some red spots, each of the latter surrounded by a blue halo; anal, pelvic and pectoral fins with a white leading edge followed by a dark stripe, the rest of the fins reddish (Ref. 27547). In spawning fish the lower sides and fins become red (Ref. 27547). Sea-run fish are dark green above with silvery sides, white bellies and very pale pink spots (Ref. 27547). Caudal fin

Classification

Classified By
Mitchill, 1814
Class
Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)
Order
Salmons (Salmoniformes)
Family
Salmonids (Salmonidae)

Distribution

Region
North America
Distribution
North America: most of eastern Canada from Newfoundland to western side of Hudson Bay; south in Atlantic, Great Lakes, and Mississippi River basins to Minnesota and northern Georgia in USA. South America: Argentina (Ref. 9086). Widely introduced in temperate regions of other continents. Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.
Range
65°N - 30°N, 95°W - 52°W

Environment

Climate
Temperate
Water Temperature From
Unknown °C
Water Temperature To
25 °C
Depth From - meters
15 m
Depth To - meters
27 m
Zone
demersal
Environment
Marine; freshwater; brackish; demersal; anadromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 15 - 27 m (Ref. 3899)
Trophic Level
3.14 s.e. 0.37 Based on diet studies.
Occurs in Marine / Salt water
True
Occurs in Brackish water
True
Occurs in Fresh Water
True
Occurs on Reefs
False
Is kept in Aquariums
True

Physical Size and Genetics

Maximum Length
86.0 cm
Common Length
26.4 cm
Phylogenetic Diversity Index
PD50 = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Human Uses and Population

Human Uses
Fisheries: minor commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: public aquariums
Vulnerability
Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100)
Resilience
Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (tm=1-3; tmax=7)
Threat To Humans
  Potential pest
IUCN Red List Status
  Not Evaluated