Scientific Name
Selar crumenophthalmus

Common Name
Bigeye scad

Biology
Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 24-27; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 21 - 23. Body elongate and somewhat compressed; adipose eyelid very well developed, almost covering the entire eye; edge of shoulder girdle (cleithrum) with a ventral furrow, a large papilla located immediately about the furrow and another smaller one near the dorsal edge; lateral line with 29 to 42 scutes; lower branch of first gill arch with 27 to 31 gill rakers (Ref. 55763). Color metallic blue to bluish green dorsally, shading to white ventrally; the lateral yellow stripe sometimes present. Lower margin of gill opening with a deep furrow, a large papilla immediately above it and a smaller one near upper edge. Operculum with black spot. Straight part of lateral line with 0-11 scales and 29-42 scutes. First 2 anal spines detached; pectoral fins falcate.

Classification

Classified By

Bloch, 1793

Class

Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)

Order

Perch-like fish (Perciformes)

Family

Jacks and pompanos (Carangidae)

Distribution

Region

Circumtropical. Indo-Pacific

Distribution

Circumtropical. Indo-Pacific: East Africa (Ref. 3287) to Rapa, north to southern Japan and the Hawaiian Islands, south to New Caledonia. Eastern Pacific: Mexico to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands (Ref. 5530). Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia, Canada and Bermuda through the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean to to S?o Paulo (Ref. 47377), Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Cape Verde to southern Angola (Ref. 7097).

Range

47°N - 24°S, 180°W - 180°E

Environment

Climate

Subtropical

Water Temperature From

Unknown °C

Water Temperature To

Unknown °C

Depth From - meters

0 m

Depth To - meters

170 m

Zone

reef-associated

Environment

Marine; reef-associated; depth range 0 - 170 m (Ref. 9283), usually 2 - 10 m (Ref. 40849)

Trophic Level

4.1 s.e. 0.70 Based on diet studies.

Occurs in Marine / Salt water

True

Occurs in Brackish water

False

Occurs in Fresh Water

False

Occurs on Reefs

True

Is kept in Aquariums

False

Physical Size and Genetics

Maximum Length

30.0 cm

Common Length

Unknown cm

Phylogenetic Diversity Index

PD50 = 0.7500 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Human Uses and Population

Human Uses

Fisheries: highly commercial; gamefish: yes; bait: usually

Vulnerability

Low vulnerability (18 of 100)

Resilience

High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.6-0.9)

Threat To Humans

Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30911)

IUCN Red List Status

Not Evaluated