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Blacksaddle grouper (Epinephelus howlandi) fish species and information / pictures of Blacksaddle grouper - Epinephelus howlandi

Blacksaddle grouper (Epinephelus howlandi) fish species information

Scientific Name
Epinephelus howlandi

Common Name
Blacksaddle grouper

Biology
Usually found over rocky areas or on coral reefs. Nothing has been published on its biology. Appears to be very rare and therefore of little commercial importance. In Hong Kong live fish markets (Ref. 27253).

Classification

Classified By

G?nther, 1873

Class

Ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii)

Order

Perch-like fish (Perciformes)

Family

Sea basses: groupers and fairy basslets (Serranidae)

Distribution

Region

Western Pacific

Distribution

Western Pacific: Ryukyu Islands south to Lord Howe Island and east to Howland Island and Samoa. Often misidentified as Epinephelus macrospilos or Epinephelus corallicola.

Range

28°N - 34°S, 115°E - 174°W

Environment

Climate

Tropical

Water Temperature From

Unknown °C

Water Temperature To

Unknown °C

Depth From - meters

1 m

Depth To - meters

37 m

Zone

reef-associated

Environment

Marine; reef-associated; depth range 1 - 37 m (Ref. 37816)

Trophic Level

4.02 s.e. 0.64 Based on food items.

Occurs in Marine / Salt water

True

Occurs in Brackish water

False

Occurs in Fresh Water

False

Occurs on Reefs

True

Is kept in Aquariums

True

Physical Size and Genetics

Maximum Length

55.0 cm

Common Length

Unknown cm

Phylogenetic Diversity Index

PD50 = 0.5000 many relatives (e.g. carps) 0.5 - 2.0 few relatives (e.g. lungfishes)

Human Uses and Population

Human Uses

Fisheries: subsistence fisheries; aquarium: public aquariums

Vulnerability

Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100)

Resilience

Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.)

Threat To Humans

Harmless

IUCN Red List Status

Least Concern (LC)